Objectives
- The objective of the course is to present an overview of Leak Testing methods, identifying the advantages and limitations of this as compared to other methods of Non-destructive Testing.
Outlines
Reasons for leak testing
- Material loss prevention
- Contamination
- Component/system reliability
- Pressure-differential maintenance
- Personnel/public safety
Functions of leak testing
- Categories
- Applications
- Training and certification
Leak Testing Fundamentals
- Terminology
- Leakage terms
- Leakage tightness
- Quantitative/semi-quantitative
- Sensitivity/calibration terms
Leak testing units
- Mathematics in leak testing
- Exponential notation
- Basic and fundamental units
- Systeme Internationale (SI) units
Physical units in leak testing
- Volume and pressure
- Time and temperature
- Absolute values
- Standard or atmospheric conditions
- Leakage measurement
Leak testing standards
- Capillary or permeation
- National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) standards
- System versus instrument calibration
- Inaccuracy of calibration
Flow characteristics
- Gas flow
- Liquid flow
- Correlation of leakage rates
- Anomalous leaks
- Leak clogging
Vacuum fundamentals :
Introduction to vaccum
- Terminology
- Principles
- Units of pressure
Characteristics of gases
- Kinetic theory
- Mean free path
- Gas laws
- Quantity, throughput and conductance of gas
- Quantity
- Comparison with an electric circuit
- Comparison with water flow
- Conductance analogy with electrical resistance
- Resistance connected in series
- Resistance connected in parallel
- Vacuum system operation
- Effects of evacuating a vessel
- Pump-down time
1.1 Vacuum system characteristics
General
- Operating limits
- Rate of pressure rise B measurement
- Vacuum pumps
- Mechanical pumps (positive displacement)
- Oil-sealed rotary pumps
- Construction
- Operation
- Pump fluids
- Difficulties with rotary pumps
- Care of rotary pumps
- Mechanical booster pumps
- Vapor (diffusion) pumps
- Construction
- Operation
- Pump fluids
- Difficulties with diffusion pumps
- Diagnosis of diffusion pump trouble
- Sublimation pumps (getter pumps)
- Ion pumps
- Turbomolecular pumps
- Absorption pumps
- Cryopumps
Who Should Attend
- The course is designed for anyone who is interested in satisfying the classroom training requirements for Leak Testing Level I certifications or who needs a thorough knowledge and practical experience of introduction Leak Testing.